현재 멕시코 경계를 넘어서 미국으로 아무런 보호자 없이 보내지는 중앙 아메리카의 아이들이 무려 5만명 이상

그 이유가 주로 푸에르토 리코를 포함한 센트럴 아메리카의 가난한 국가들에선 

오바마가 시행한 새로운 이민법안으로 미국에 불법으로 체류한 미성년자들은 추방을 당하지 않고 합법적으로 일할 수 있다는 "잘못된 미국이민법에 대한 이해"로 인해서 아이들을 그냥 미국으로 보낸다고 함. 

달리 말하면, 그 오해란 미성년의 불법 체류자 신분의 아이들은 미국이 그들을 강제로 추방할 수 없다고 생각하는 건데,

문제는 그들의 미국이민법에 대한 이해가 틀리다는 것

(그 이유가 그 법안이 2007년 이전에 입국한 불법체류신분의 미성년에게 허용되고 최근 입국한 미성년에겐 허용이 되지 않기 때문) 

미국이 처한 문제는 그들의 숫자가 너무 많고 

그리고 그들을 무작정 돌려 보내는 것은 비인간적이라는 생각하는 반대의견도 있다는 것 

암튼, 이민법이 허술하면 그걸 심하게 역이용할 수 있다는 잘 고려하고 정책을 만들어야 할 듯 싶은데 한국도 마찬가지

미국에서 중국인들은 불법체류자로 들어와 정치적 망명자가 아니라도 정치적 망명자 신분신청을 해서 미국에서 버티는 경우가 굉장히 많다고 들었는데 그게 가능한 이유가 정치적 망명자 신청을 해 놓으면 그 결과가 나올 때까지 미국이민국이 추방을 할 수 없고 그리고 미국이민관련 행정처리가 굉장히 시간이 많이 걸리기 때문에 그 기간동안 합법적으로 일하고 나아가선 영주권까지 얻을 수 있기 때문...

그래서 미국에 아무 기술없이 들어와서 결국 일해서 돈벌고 결국 영주권까지 얻고 그리고 나중엔 가족을 초대하여 모두 미국에 살게 되는 중국인들이 아주 많음.....

한국도 이런 미국의 이민관련 현안들을 거울삼아서 아주 꼼꼼한 이민정책을 세워야 한다고 봄 

WASHINGTON -- Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson penned an open letter over the weekend to parents who may be considering sending their children across the U.S.-Mexico border illegally, telling them the journey is unsafe and that there are no "free passes at the end."

"I have one simple message: Sending your child to travel illegally into the United States is not the solution," Johnson wrote in the letter, which ran in more than 15 news outlets. "It is dangerous to send a child on the long journey from Central America to the United States."

U.S. border agents have apprehended about 52,000 unaccompanied minors -- some of them as young as toddlers -- crossing the border since the beginning of October. The humanitarian crisis has overwhelmed the system designed to house and handle the cases of the minors, and the government announced new plans on Friday aimed at getting unauthorized immigrants caught at the border through immigration proceedings more quickly; finding more facilities to house families and children; and sending aid to Central American countries so fewer people feel the need to flee in the first place.

The administration is also attempting to combat the misconception in Central America that unaccompanied children, once in the U.S., can stay in the country under President Barack Obama's policies. Republicans have blamed the president for the crisis, singling out in particular the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which allows undocumented young people who came to the U.S. as children to apply to stay and work legally for two years or more. Newer entrants cannot receive deferred action -- only undocumented immigrants who entered the U.S. by June 2007 are eligible -- but there are concerns that misunderstandings over the policy are causing some to think the recent immigrants are eligible anyway.

More generally, Republicans say Obama's immigration reform push, as well as his policies to prioritize targeting criminals over other undocumented immigrants, make other countries think the U.S. is lax on enforcement. Johnson wrote that children are not eligible for legal status under the immigration reform bill that passed the Senate last year, nor are they safe from deportation.

"[L]et me be clear: There is no path to deferred action or citizenship, or one being contemplated by Congress, for a child who crosses our border illegally today," he wrote. "Rather, under current U.S. laws and policies, anyone who is apprehended crossing our border illegally is a priority for deportation, regardless of age."

Children who cross the border illegally are put in deportation proceedings, but moving through the court system can take years, and many may stay if they are deemed eligible for asylum or other reprieve. Unaccompanied minors from countries other than Mexico and Canada are transferred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which attempts to find family members in the U.S. who can care for them.

Some unauthorized immigrants reportedly have misunderstood their notices to appear before an immigration judge as permits, or "permisos," to stay in the U.S., and Johnson attempted to correct that misconception.

"The desire to see a child have a better life in the United States is understandable," he wrote. "But, the risks of illegal migration by an unaccompanied child to achieve that dream are far too great, and the 'permisos' do not exist."

Read the full letter:

An open letter to the parents of children crossing our Southwest border

This year, a record number of children will cross our Southern border illegally into the United States. In the month of May alone, the number of children, unaccompanied by a mother or father, who crossed our southern border reached more than 9,000, bringing the total so far this year to 47,000. The majority of these children come from Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala, where gang and drug violence terrorize communities. To the parents of these children I have one simple message: Sending your child to travel illegally into the United States is not the solution.

It is dangerous to send a child on the long journey from Central America to the United States. The criminal smuggling networks that you pay to deliver your child to the United States have no regard for his or her safety and well-being –- to them, your child is a commodity to be exchanged for a payment. In the hands of smugglers, many children are traumatized and psychologically abused by their journey, or worse, beaten, starved, sexually assaulted or sold into the sex trade; they are exposed to psychological abuse at the hands of criminals. Conditions for an attempt to cross our southern border illegally will become much worse as it gets hotter in July and August.

The long journey is not only dangerous; there are no “permisos,” “permits,” or free passes at the end. 

The U.S. Government’s Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, also called “DACA,” does not apply to a child who crosses the U.S. border illegally today, tomorrow or yesterday. To be eligible for DACA, a child must have been in the United States prior to June 15, 2007 -- seven years ago. 

Also, the immigration reform legislation now before Congress provides for an earned path to citizenship, but only for certain people who came into this country on or before December 31, 2011 -- two and one half years ago. So, let me be clear: There is no path to deferred action or citizenship, or one being contemplated by Congress, for a child who crosses our border illegally today. 

Rather, under current U.S. laws and policies, anyone who is apprehended crossing our border illegally is a priority for deportation, regardless of age. That means that if your child is caught crossing the border illegally, he or she will be charged with violating United States immigration laws, and placed in deportation proceedings -- a situation no one wants. The document issued to your child is not a 'permiso,' but a Notice To Appear in a deportation proceeding before an immigration judge.

As the Secretary of Homeland Security, I have seen first-hand the children at our processing center in Texas. As a father, I have looked into the faces of these children and recognized fear and vulnerability. 

The desire to see a child have a better life in the United States is understandable. But, the risks of illegal migration by an unaccompanied child to achieve that dream are far too great, and the “permisos” do not exist.

Jeh C. Johnson
Secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/23/dhs-children_n_5522283.html